Subsurface voids pose significant concerns to geotechnical integrity. Accurately identifying these voids is essential for ensuring the soundness of structures and infrastructure. Traditional methods, such as borehole examination, can be time-consuming and provide limited spatial resolution. Emerging geophysical techniques, including ground penetrat

Cavity characterization plays a crucial role in geotechnical design processes. A thorough understanding of cavity more info geometry and properties is essential for precisely assessing the potential impact on infrastructure . Geotechnical engineers utilize multiple techniques to characterize cavities, including exploratory drilling . These methods

Geophysical exploration employs a crucial role in the identification and evaluation of potential mineral resources. By employing various physical methods, geologists can penetrate beneath the Earth's surface to detect subsurface structures and anomalies indicative of mineral presence. These geophysical techniques often involve the observation of p